动载诱发巷道底板冲击失稳机制及防控技术

针对巷道底板冲击地压的特点,基于材料力学理论与能量原理,建立了巷道底板冲击失稳力学模型,推导出了巷道底板发生冲击失稳的能量判据。通过数值模拟方法,分析了深埋巷道底板水平应力和弹性应变能密度演化规律,得出巷道底板水平应力是底板冲击主要诱发因素,且当巷道埋深一定时,动载强度越大,则水平应力对底板动压显现的控制作用越显著。基于理论与数值模拟分析结果,提出了深埋巷道底板大直径钻孔卸压方法,并进行了现场测试,结果表明大直径钻孔底板卸压有效地解除了底板冲击,保障了巷道安全高效掘进,可为类似矿井巷道底板冲击地压防治提供参考。     

Synthesis of TiO_2@ZnIn_2S_4 hollow nanospheres with enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

In this work, we designed and prepared the novel TiO_2@ZnIn_2 S_4 nano-sized hollow structure via templating method assisted by hydrothermal synthesis process. Its unique hollow structure and type-II heterojunction between TiO_2 hollow nanospheres and ZnIn_2 S_4 nanosheet can provide enough interior cavities and transfer paths for the light absorption and charge quick migration. The crystal structure, morphology and charges separation property were measured. The characterization results show that the hollow-structured Ti O_2@ZnIn_2 S_4 was successfully prepared,and the optimal sample exhibited excellent photocatalytic hydrogen generation compared with TiO_2/ZnIn_2 S_4 cluster exceeding by a factor of 1.1 under overall light irradiation.Specially, the detailed mechanism of the photocatalytic H_2 evolution and charge carrier migration for the as-prepared TiO_2@ZnIn_2 S_4 hollow nanosphere was also studied.     

Nd元素对Ce2Co17为基体的合金吸波性能的影响

目前,具有高效、宽、薄等特点的微波吸收材料已经引起了研究人员的广泛关注。在此文中,采用真空电弧熔炼和高能球磨法制备片状NdxCe2-xCo17合金粉末并且通过相关设备研究Nd含量和匹配厚度对相组成、形貌、电磁参数和微波吸收性能的影响。结果显示,Nd0.3Ce1.7Co17粉末的最大反射率可以达到-32.36dB,同时有效带宽能扩大4倍。此外,调整Nd含量能成功优化Ce2Co17合金粉末的微波吸收性能。随着Nd含量的增加,吸收峰有向低频段移动的趋势,并且当厚度为1.8mm时,Nd0.3Ce1.7Co17 粉末在7.28 GHz处,最大反射率可以达到-30.53 dB并且有效带宽为2.24 GHz,这些表明Nd-Ce-Co合金可以用作在C波段具有低厚度、宽频和高效等特点的理想吸收材料。     

过渡层数对激光沉积制造TC4/TC11连接界面的组织及性能的影响

通过激光沉积制造技术制备了不同过渡层数的TC4/TC11双合金试样,研究不同过渡层数和不同热处理制度对TC4/TC11双合金连接界面的显微组织、拉伸性能和显微硬度的影响。结果表明,过渡层数对组织的形貌影响较大,过渡层数的增加,减少了TC4/TC11双合金试样连接界面的差异,使显微硬度分布均匀;沉积态TC4/TC11双合金过渡处网篮组织差异大,去应力退火后的组织均匀,经固溶时效处理后组织粗大且差异明显;对去应力退火后的试样进行了室温拉伸,随着过渡层数的增多,TC4/TC11双合金试样抗拉强度升高,塑性增强,断口均断在TC4钛合金一侧,证明了TC4/TC11双合金过渡界面性能良好。     

热处理对激光沉积TC4/TC11组织和性能的影响

通过对激光沉积TC4/TC11钛合金直接过渡件沉积态和热处理态的显微组织、静载力学性能、拉伸断口及显微硬度进行对比研究,探索改善激光沉积TC4/TC11钛合金组织,进而提高综合力学性能的途径。研究结果表明,沉积态试样在970 ℃热处理后α板条的长宽比小于沉积态和退火态,两侧组织均呈现典型的网篮组织特征且更为均匀,晶界α相彻底消失,过渡界面基本消失,使得TC4/TC11组织参数最优化;沉积态、去应力退火和固溶时效(最优热处理参数)热处理后试样的拉伸断口为韧性断口且均断在了TC4侧,其中固溶时效热处理后试样强度没有明显降低,塑性得到显著提高,具有良好的综合力学性能;当热处理温度提高到970 ℃(最优热处理参数),该试样沿着整个过渡界面显微硬度值分布最均匀、差异最小,基体与过渡界面处显微硬度值变化也最小。     

挤压温度对固溶态Mg-2.0Zn-0.5Zr-3.0Gd合金微观组织及耐腐蚀性能的影响

利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜及透射电镜等测试手段研究了挤压温度对固溶态Mg-2.0Zn-0.5Zr-3.0Gd镁合金显微组织的影响。同时,采用浸泡实验和电化学测试等方法研究了合金在模拟体液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明：挤压态合金主要由大的变形晶粒和动态再结晶晶粒组成,析出相由纳米级的棒状(Mg, Zn)₃Gd相和颗粒状的Mg₂Zn₁₁相组成。挤压温度在340～360 ℃时,合金中动态再结晶晶粒的体积分数随着挤压温度的升高而增加,腐蚀速率随着挤压温度的升高而降低。当挤压温度为360 ℃时,合金发了完全动态再结晶,具有较好的耐腐蚀性,静态腐蚀速率为0.527 mm/y,腐蚀形式为均匀腐蚀。当温度升高至380 ℃时,部分动态再结晶晶粒发生异常长大现象,导致腐蚀速率随着挤压温度的升高而升高。     

Influence of water content in mixed solvent on surface morphology,wettability, and photoconductivity of ZnO thin films

ZnO thin films have been synthesized by means of a simple hydrothermal method with different solvents. The effect of deionized water content in the mixed solvents on the surface morphology, crystal structure, and optical property has been investigated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. A large number of compact and well-aligned hexagonal ZnO nanorods and the maximal texture coefficient have been observed in the thin film, which is grown in the mixed solvent with x = 40%. A lot of sparse, diagonal, and pointed nanorods can be seen in the ZnO thin film, which is grown in the 40-mL DI water solution. The optical band gap decreases firstly and then increases with the increase of x. Reversible wettability of ZnO thin films were studied by home-made water contact angle apparatus. Reversible transition between hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity may be attributed to the change of surface chemical composition, surface roughness and the proportion of nonpolar planes on the surface of ZnO thin films. Photocurrent response of ZnO thin films grown at different solvents were measured in air. The response duration of the thin film, which is grown in the solvent with x = 40%, exhibits a fast growth in the beginning but cannot approach the saturate current value within 100 s. The theoretical mechanism for the slower growth or decay duration of the photocurrent has been discussed in detail.     

Ultrafast synthesis of Au(I)-dodecanethiolate nanotubes for advanced Hg2+ sensor electrodes

In this work, an ultrafast and facile method is developed to synthesize Au(I)-dodecanethiolate nanotubes (Au(I)NTs) with the assistance of glycyl-glycyl-glycine (G-G-G). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images reveal that the as-prepared Au(I)NTs can be obtained in a 2-h reaction instead of a previous 24-h reaction and are uniform with a hollow structure and smooth surface by virtue of the G-G-G peptide tubular template. According to structural analysis, a possible preparative mechanism is proposed that the G-G-G peptide could help to curl into tube-like morphology in alkaline situation spontaneously to accelerate the formation of Au(I)NTs. Meanwhile, PVDF-stabilized Au(I)NT-modified glassy carbon electrodes present their promising potential for Hg²⁺ detection.     

Electrical behavior and positive temperature coefficient effect of graphene/polyvinylidene fluoride composites containing silver nanowires

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composites filled with in situ thermally reduced graphene oxide (TRG) and silver nanowire (AgNW) were prepared using solution mixing followed by coagulation and thermal hot pressing. Binary TRG/PVDF nanocomposites exhibited small percolation threshold of 0.12 vol % and low electrical conductivity of approximately 10^-7 S/cm. Hybridization of TRGs with AgNWs led to a significant improvement in electrical conductivity due to their synergistic effect in conductivity. The bulk conductivity of hybrids was higher than a combined total conductivity of TRG/PVDF and AgNW/PVDF composites at the same filler loading. Furthermore, the resistivity of hybrid composites increased with increasing temperature, giving rise to a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) effect at the melting temperature of PVDF. The 0.04 vol % TRG/1 vol % AgNW/PVDF hybrid exhibited pronounced PTC behavior, rendering this composite an attractive material for making current limiting devices and temperature sensors.     

分散聚四氟乙烯树脂质量控制

分散聚四氟乙烯树脂质量控制包括原材料控制、聚合过程控制、后处理控制等。对产品质量的提升方法进行分析讨论,对影响质量的诸因素进行控制,达到分散四氟乙烯树脂质量稳定提升的目的。